Articles

Protocol 'Out of the Wood'

ESTA Protocol - 'Out of the Wood' column

• Color Confusion
  Protocol - Fall 2021
• Chimerical Colors
  Protocol - Summer 2021
• Flicker, Stroboscopic effect, and SVM
  Protocol - Spring 2021
• Red, just Red...
  Protocol - Winter 2021
• Green as Grass
  Protocol - Fall 2020
• Feeling Blue
  Protocol - Summer 2020
• Our Ageing Eyes - Part 2
  Protocol - Spring 2020
• Our Ageing Eyes
  Protocol - Winter 2020
• Color Rendering Enhancers
  Protocol - Fall 2019
• Pixelated Headlights
  Protocol - Summer 2019
• More About Measurement
  Protocol - Spring 2019
• Lumen Measurement, Yet Again...
  Protocol - Winter 2019
• Interconnectedness
  Protocol - Fall 2018
• Better Phosphors and Better Whites
  Protocol - Summer 2018
• Animal Eyes - 3
  Protocol - Spring 2018
• Potpourri - Updates on Prior Columns
  Protocol - Winter 2018
• Networking Problems
  Protocol - Fall 2017
• Animal Pupil Shapes
  Protocol - Summer 2017
• Sound and Light
  Protocol - Spring 2017
• How do LEDs work? Quantum Dots
  Protocol - Winter 2017
• How do LEDs work? Patterned Sapphire Substrates
  Protocol - Fall 2016
• Flicker
  Protocol - Summer 2016
• Mireds or mireks?
  Protocol - Spring 2016
• Why Do Animal Eyes have Pupils of Different Shapes?
  Protocol - Winter 2016
• Color Rendering One More Time - TM-30-15
  Protocol - Fall 2015
• Etendue Revisited
  Protocol - Summer 2015
• How Do LEDs Work? - Slice of Lime with that?
  Protocol - Spring 2015
• Communicating Color - Color Names
  Protocol - Winter 2015
• Color Communication Proposal
  Protocol - Fall 2014
• Efficacy - How Good Can it Get?
  Protocol - Summer 2014
• Photopic Curves - The Old and the New
  Protocol - Spring 2014
• Color Rendering - Where are we?
  Protocol - Winter 2014
• Television Lighting Consistency Index - TLCI
  Protocol - Fall 2013
• American Invents Act 2013 - Part 2
  Protocol - Summer 2013
• American Invents Act 2013 - Part 1
  Protocol - Spring 2013
• How do LEDs work? Chip-on-Board
  Protocol - Winter 2013
• Non Gaussian Diffusers
  Protocol - Fall 2012
• Lightness - The Helmholtz-Kohlrausch Effect
  Protocol - Summer 2012
• Gel Color Pickers - An Exercise in Futility
  Protocol - Spring 2012
• Etendue
  Protocol - Winter 2012
• Total Lumens Revisited
  Protocol - Fall 2011
• Rolling Shutters and LEDs
  Protocol - Summer 2011
• Those Nice Bright Colors
  Protocol - Spring 2011
• How do White LEDs Work?
  Protocol - Winter 2011
• MacAdam Ellipses
  Protocol - Fall 2010
• How do Plasma Lamps Work
  Protocol - Summer 2010
• Color Rendering: Narrow-band emitters give designers another tool
  Protocol - Spring 2010
• CRI and the Color Quality Scale - Part 2
  Protocol - Spring 2010
• CRI, What Does it Really Mean? - Part 1
  Protocol - Winter 2010
• How do LEDs Work - Part 3
  Protocol - Fall 2009
• How do LEDs Work - Part 2
  Protocol - Summer 2009
• How do LEDs Work - Part 1
  Protocol - Spring 2009
• It's Not Easy Being Green
  Protocol - Winter 2009
• Color Prejudice, or How Bright Is That LED Really?
  Protocol - Fall 2008
• When White Light Isn't White - Part 2
  Protocol - Summer 2008
• When White Light Isn't White
  Protocol - Spring 2008
• To CIE or not to CIE
  Protocol - Winter 2008
• How Bright is Bright, Coda 2, Perception
  Protocol - Fall 2007
• How Bright is Bright, Coda 1, Definitions
  Protocol - Summer 2007
• How Bright is Bright, Part 4, Color
  Protocol - Spring 2007
• How Bright is Bright, Part 3, Three Dimensions
  Protocol - Winter 2007
• How Bright is Bright, Part 2, Contrast
  Protocol - Fall 2006
• How Bright is Bright, Part 1, Brightness
  Protocol - Summer 2006
• Intellectual Property - Part 5, Trade Secrets
  Protocol - Spring 2006
• Intellectual Property - Part 4, Patents 2
  Protocol - Winter 2006
• Intellectual Property - Part 3, Patents 1
  Protocol - Fall 2005
• Intellectual Property - Part 2, Copyrights
  Protocol - Summer 2005
• Intellectual Property - Part 1, Trademarks
  Protocol - Spring 2005
• Industry Trade Associations - Their Strengths and Limitations
  Protocol - Winter 2005

Product Reviews

Product Evaluations and Reviews

• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Claypaky Arolla MP Profile
  Lighting&Sound America October 2021
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin MAC Ultra Performance
  Lighting&Sound America June 2021
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Ayrton Eurus-S
  Lighting&Sound America February 2021
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Professional Maverick Silens 2 Profile
  Lighting&Sound America December 2020
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin ERA 800 Performance
  Lighting&Sound America October 2020
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Claypaky Xtylos
  Lighting&Sound America August 2020
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VL5LED Wash
  Lighting&Sound America June 2020
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The GLP Highlander Wash
  Lighting&Sound America March 2020
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe Esprite
  Lighting&Sound America January 2020
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Ayrton Perseo S
  Lighting&Sound America November 2019
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin MAC Allure Profile
  Lighting&Sound America September 2019
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Professional Maverick Storm 1 Wash
  Lighting&Sound America July 2019
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The GLP KVN Cube
  Lighting&Sound America June 2019
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Altman AP-150 RGBW PAR
  Lighting&Sound America May 2019
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe T1 Profile
  Lighting&Sound America March 2019
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The DTS Synergy 5 Profile
  Lighting&Sound America January 2019
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VL2600 Spot
  Lighting&Sound America November 2018
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The SGM G-Profile Turbo
  Lighting&Sound America September 2018
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky Axcor 300 Beam
  Lighting&Sound America July 2018
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Ayrton Ghibli
  Lighting&Sound America May 2018
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin MAC Encore Performance
  Lighting&Sound America March 2018
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VLZ Profile
  Lighting&Sound America January 2018
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe Robin Mega Pointe
  Lighting&Sound America November 2017
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Ovation B-1965FC
  Lighting&Sound America October 2017
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The GLP GT-1
  Lighting&Sound America September 2017
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin Rush MH8 Mini Profile
  Lighting&Sound America July 2017
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VL6000 Beam
  Lighting&Sound America May 2017
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Ayrton MagicPanel FX
  Lighting&Sound America March 2017
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The GLP Impression X4 Bar 20
  Lighting&Sound America January 2017
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The High End Systems SolaSpot Pro 2000
  Lighting&Sound America November 2016
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky Scenius Profile
  Lighting&Sound America September 2016
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe Robin DL7S
  Lighting&Sound America July 2016
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin MAC Viper Performance
  Lighting&Sound America May 2016
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Ovation E-910FC
  Lighting&Sound America May 2016
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Rosco Cube Family
  Lighting&Sound America March 2016
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The High End Systems SolaWash Pro 2000
  Lighting&Sound America January 2016
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Elation Platinum FLX
  Lighting&Sound America November 2015
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VL4000
  Lighting&Sound America September 2015
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Ayrton MagicDot-R
  Lighting&Sound America August 2015
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky Mythos
  Lighting&Sound America July 2015
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Professional Ovation ED-190WW
  Lighting&Sound America May 2015
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe Robin BMFL Spot
  Lighting&Sound America May 2015
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin Professional MAC Quantum Profile
  Lighting&Sound America March 2015
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The High End Systems Shapeshifter
  Lighting&Sound America January 2015
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Rogue R2 Spot
  Lighting&Sound America November 2014
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Philips Vari-Lite VL4000 Spot
  Lighting&Sound America September 2014
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky A.LEDA B-EYE K20
  Lighting&Sound America July 2014
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Ayrton MagicPanel 602
  Lighting&Sound America May 2014
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Elation Satura Spot LED PRO
  Lighting&Sound America March 2014
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe Robin Pointe
  Lighting&Sound America January 2014
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The DTS Max
  Lighting&Sound America November 2013
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky Sharpy Wash 330
  Lighting&Sound America September 2013
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Legend 230 SR Beam
  Lighting&Sound America July 2013
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Philips Showline SL Bar 640
  Lighting&Sound America May 2013
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Elation Platinum Beam 15R Pro
  Lighting&Sound America March 2013
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe Robin DLS Profile
  Lighting&Sound America January 2013
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Ayrton Wildsun 500C
  Lighting&Sound America November 2012
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky Alpha Spot QWO800
  Lighting&Sound America September 2012
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The JB Lighting A12
  Lighting&Sound America July 2012
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The High End Systems Trackspot Bolt
  Lighting&Sound America May 2012
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin MAC Aura
  Lighting&Sound America March 2012
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Legend 412
  Lighting&Sound America January 2012
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The GLP Spot One
  Lighting&Sound America November 2011
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VL880
  Lighting&Sound America September 2011
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe Robin 600 LED Wash
  Lighting&Sound America May 2011
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky Sharpy
  Lighting&Sound America March 2011
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The PixelRange PixelSmart
  Lighting&Sound America January 2011
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The SeaChanger Nemo
  Lighting&Sound America November 2010
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin MAC 350 Entour
  Lighting&Sound America September 2010
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Elation Platinum Spot 5R
  Lighting&Sound America July 2010
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe ROBIN 300 Plasma Spot
  Lighting&Sound America May 2010
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VLX Wash
  Lighting&Sound America March 2010
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Colorado Batten 72
  Lighting&Sound America January 2010
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Elation Design Spot 1200C
  Lighting&Sound America November 2009
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky Alpha Spot HPE 700
  Lighting&Sound America September 2009
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Coemar Stage Lite LED
  Lighting&Sound America July 2009
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chroma-Q Color Block 2
  Lighting&Sound America May 2009
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The JB Lighting JBLED A7
  Lighting&Sound America March 2009
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The PixelRange PixelLine Micro W
  Lighting&Sound America January 2009
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin smartMAC
  Lighting&Sound America November 2008
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The AC Lighting Chroma-Q Color Split
  Lighting&Sound America September 2008
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Colorado 6
  Lighting&Sound America July 2008
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay Paky Alpha Spot 300 HPE
  Lighting&Sound America May 2008
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Coemar Infinity Wash XL
  Lighting&Sound America March 2008
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Elation Impression
  Lighting&Sound America January 2008
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VL3500
  Lighting&Sound America November 2007
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin Stagebar 54
  Lighting&Sound America September 2007
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe ColorWash 700E AT
  Lighting&Sound America July 2007
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Elation Power Spot 700 CMY
  Lighting&Sound America June 2007
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Ocean Optics SeaChanger xG
  Lighting&Sound America April 2007
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin Professional MAC TW1 Wash
  Lighting&Sound America January 2007
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The High End Systems Studio Command 1200
  Lighting&Sound America November 2006
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VL500 80V
  Lighting&Sound America September 2006
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Elation Design Spot 250
  Lighting&Sound America July 2006
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin Professional MAC 700 Profile
  Lighting&Sound America May 2006
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The SGM Giotto Synthesis
  Lighting&Sound America March 2006
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Clay-Paky Alpha Spot 1200HPE
  Lighting&Sound America January 2006
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Chauvet Legend 3000
  Lighting&Sound America November 2005
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Robe ColorSpot 1200E AT
  Lighting&Sound America September 2005
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Martin Professional MAC 550
  Lighting&Sound America June 2005
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Morpheus PanaBeam XR2
  Lighting&Sound America February 2005
• Technical Focus: Product In-Depth - The Vari-Lite VL1000 ERS
  Lighting&Sound America October 2004

Miscellany

Miscellany

• Invasion of the Moving Lights
  Lighting&Sound America July 2024
• Consultants Part 2
  Protocol Spring 2015
• Consultants Part 1
  Protocol Winter 2015
• Technical Focus: LEDs: The State of Play
  Lighting&Sound America July 2011
• Wie LEDs Funktioneren
  FKT, October 2010
• Winspear Retractable LED Chandelier
  Lighting&Sound America February 2010
• New Lamps for Old
  Lighting&Sound International November 2007
• Control in the 21st Century
  Lighting Dimensions October 2005
• Progression or Regression
  Lighting Dimensions November 2004
• LEDs - A Disruptive Technology
  Lighting Dimensions June 2004
• Color Temperature of Metal Halide Sources
  Web article
• Metal Halide Lamps a life story
  Web article
• Perceived Brightness in Entertainment Lighting
  LDI 2003
• Smoke Without Fire
  Television Lighting Summer 1991
• Some Hazy Thoughts on Mist
  ESTA Protocol Winter 1999
• Commentary
  SRO October 2003
• The f stop and TV Lighting
  Web article
• Product Stewardship and You
  ESTA August 2000

Protocol: 'Directions'

ESTA Protocol - 'Directions' editorial

2004 - August, June, March

2003 - December, August, June, March

2002 - December, August, June, March

2001 - December, August, June, February

2000 - December, August, June, February

1999 - December, August, June, February

1998 - December